iodjtuallykparticurlylperfornce

eviewnsurviveotend

?sectionb

directionsthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatentsattachedtoiteachstatentntainsrtiongiveninoneoftheparagraphsidentifytheparagraphfrohichthertionisderivedyouychooseaparagraphrethanonceeachparagraphisrkedwithaletteranswerthequestionsbyrkingtherrespondingletteronanswersheet2

findingtherightho—andntentnt,too

a)whenyourelderlyretiveneedstoentersosortoflong-terarefacility—antfewparentsorchildrenroachwithoutfear—whatyouwouldlikeistohaveeverythingdeclear

b)doesassistedlivingreallyrkagreatiroventoveranursingho,orhastheindustrysilyhiredbetterinteriordesignersarenursinghosasbadaspeoplefear,oristhatanout-dedstereotypecandoingone'showorkreallysteerfaliestothebestpcesitisgenuinelyhardtoknow

c)iabouttokethingsrelicatedbysuggestingthatwhatkindoffacilityanolderpersonlivesinytterlessthanwehaveassudandthatthecharacteristicsadultchildrenlookforwhentheybeginthesearcharenotnecessarilythethingsthatkeadifferencetothepeoplewhoaregoingtoveiniaottalkingaboutthequalityofcare,lethastilyaddnobodyflourishesinaglooenvironntwithirresponsiblestaffandapoorsafetyrerdbutanautingbodyofresearchindicatesthatsodistinctionsbetweenoypeofeldercareandanotherhavelittlerealbearingonhowwellresidentsdo

d)thestrecentofthesestudies,publishedinthejournalofliedgerontology,surveyed150nnecticutresidentsofassistedliving,nursinghosandsllerresidentialcarehosresearchersfroheuniversityofnnecticuthealthcenteraskedtheresidentsargenuerofquestionsabouttheirqualityoflife,etionalwell-beingandsocialinteraction,aswelsaboutthequalityofthefacilities

e)"wethoughtwewouldseedifferencesbasedonthehousingtypes,"saidtheleadauthorofthestudy,julierobison,anassociateprofessorofdicineattheuniversityareasonableassution—don'tfaliesstruggletoavoidnursinghosandsufferrealguiltiftheycan't

f)intheinitialresults,assistedlivingresidentsdidpaintthestpositivepicturetheywerelesslikelytoreportsytoofdepressionthanthoseintheotherfacilities,forinstance,andlesslikelytobeboredorlonelytheysredhigheronsocialinteraction

g)butwhentheresearcherspluggedinanuerofothervariables,suchdifferencesdiseareditisnotthehousingtype,theyfound,thatcreatesdifferencesinresidents'responses"itisthecharacteristicsofthespecificenvironnttheyarein,inedwiththeirownpersonalcharacteristics—howhealthytheyfeeltheyare,theirageandritalstatus,"drrobisonexpinedwhetherresidentsfeltinvolvedinthedecisiontoveandhowlongtheyhadlivedtherealsoprovedsignificant

h)anelderlypersonwhodescribesherselfasinpoorhealth,therefore,ghtbenolessdepressedinassistedlivingthaninanursinghoapersonwhohadinputintowherehewouldveandhashadtitoadapttoitghtdoaswellinanursinghoasinasllresidentialcareho,otherfactorsbeingequalitisaninteractionbetweenthepersonandthepce,notthesortofpceinitself,thatleadstobetterorworseexperiences"youcan'tjustsay,'let'sputthispersoninaresidentialcarehoinsteadofanursingho—shewillbechbetteroff',"drrobisonsaid"whattters,"sheadded,"isainationofwhatpeoplebringinwiththeandwhattheyfindthere"

i)suchfindings,whichrununtertoonsense,havesurfacedbeforeinalti-statestudyofassistedliving,forinstance,universityofnorthcarolinaresearchersfoundthatahostofvariables—thefacility'stype,sizeorage;whetherachainownedit;howattractivetheneighborhoodwas—hadnosignificantretionshiptohowtheresidentsfaredinterofillness,ntaldecline,hospitalizationsorrtalitywhattteredstwastheresidents'physicalhealthandntalstatuswhatpeoplewerelikewhentheycainhadgreaternsequencethanwhathenedoncetheywerethere

j)asiwasnsideringallthis,apressreleasefrorespectedresearchfirrosseddesk,announcingthatthefive-starratingsystehatdicaredevelopedin2008tohelpfaliesarenursinghoqualityalsohaslittleretionshiptohowsatisfieditsresidentsortheirfalyersareasatteroffact,nsursexpressedhighersatisfactionwiththeone-starfacilities,thelowestrated,thanwiththefive-starones

k)beforewellectivelytearourhairout—howarewesupposedtofindourwayinandscapethisnfusing—hereisathoughtfrorphilipsloane,ageriatricianattheuniversityofnorthcarolinanaway,thatuldbeliberatingforfalies"

l)ofurse,sonsanddaughterswanttovisitthefacilities,talktotheadnistratorsandresidentsandotherfalies,anddoeverythingpossibletofulfilltheirdutiesbutperhapstheydon'thavetoturntheelvesintoprivateinvestigatorsorngressionalsubittees"faliescanlookabitreforwheretheresidentsaregoingtobehy,"drsloanesaidandinvolvingthefutureresidentintheprocesscanbeveryiortant

weallhaveourownideasaboutwhatwouldbringourparentshinesstheyhavetheirideas,tooafriendrecentlytookherthertovisitanexpensiveassistedlivingnursinghoneartownihaveseenthispce—itiselegant,insideandoutbutnobodygreetedthedaughterandtherwhentheyarrived,thoughthevisithadbeenpnned;nobodyintroducedtheotheotherresidentswhentheyhadlunchinthediningrootheysataloneatatable

n)thedaughterfearedhertherwouldbeignoredthere,andsoshedecidedtoveherintoarewelngfacilitybasedonwhatisergingfrooofthisresearch,thatghthavebeenasrationawayasanytoreachadecision

36nypeoplefeelguiltywhentheycannotfindapceotherthananursinghofortheirparents

37thoughithelpsforchildrentoinvestigatecarefacilities,involvingtheirparentsinthedecision-kingprocessyproveveryiortant

38itisreallydifficulttotellifassistedlivingisbetterthananursingho

39howaresidentfeelsdependsonaninteractionbetweentheelvesandthecarefacilitytheylivein

40theauthorthinksherfrienddearationaldecisioninchoosingarehospitablepceoveranarentlyelegantassistedlivingho

41thesysteedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghoqualityisoflittlehelptofindingasatisfactorypce

42atfirsttheresearchersofthestrecentstudyfoundresidentsinassistedlivingfacilitiesgavehighersresonsocialinteraction

43whatkindofcarefacilityoldpeopleliveinybelessiortantthanwethink

44thefindingsofthetestresearchweresirtoanearlierlti-statestudyofassistedliving

45aresident'ssatisfactionwithacarefacilityhaschtodowithwhethertheyhadparticipatedinthedecisiontoveinandhowlongtheyhadstayedthere

?sectionc

directionsereare2passagesinthissectioneachpassageisfollowedbysoquestionsorunfinishedstatentsforeachoftheherearefourchoicesrkeda),b),c)andd)youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandrktherrespondingletteronanswersheet2withasinglelihroughthecentre

?passageone

questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage

asartificialintelligencebesincreasinglysophisticated,therearegrowingncernsthatrobotsuldbeathreatthisdangercanbeavoided,aordingtouterscienceprofessorstuartrussell,ifwefigureouthowtoturnhunvaluesintoapraablede

russelrguesthatasrobotstakeonrelicatedtasks,it'snecessarytotransteourralsintoainguage

forexale,ifarobotdoeschoresaroundthehouse,youwouldn'twantittoputthepetcatintheoventokedinnerforthehungrychildren"youwouldwantthatrobotpreloadedwithagoodsetofvalues,"saidrussell

sorobotsarealreadypraedwithbasichunvaluesforexale,bilerobotshavebeenpraedtokeepaortabledistancefrounsobviouslythereareculturaldifferences,butifyouweretalkingtoanotherpersonandtheycaupcloseinyourpersonalspace,youwouldn'tthinkthat'sthekindofthingaproperlybrought-uppersonwoulddo

itwillbepossibletocreateresophisticatedralchines,ifonlywecanfindawaytosetouthunvaluesasclearrules

robotsuldalsolearnvaluesfrorawingpatternsfroargesetsofdataonhunbehaviortheyaredangerousonlyifpraersarecareless

thebiggestncernwithrobotsgoingagainsthunvaluesisthathunbeingsfailtososufficienttestingandthey'veproducedasystehatwillbreaksokindoftaboo

onesilecheckwouldbetoprarobottochecktherrecturseofactionwithahunwhenpresentedwithanunusualsituation

iftherobotisunsurewhetherananilissuitableforthecrowave,ithastheopportunitytostop,sendoutbeeps,andaskfordirectionsfrohunifwehunsaren'tquitesureaboutadecision,wegoandasksobodyelse

thestdifficultstepinpraingvalueswillbedecidingexactlywhatwebelieveinral,andhowtocreateasetofethicalrulesbutifweupwithananswer,robotsuldbegoodforhunity

46whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthethreatofrobots

a)itynstituteachallengetouterpraers